Atlantic croaker

Hardhead
Photo Credit: © Diane Rome Peebles
Family Croakers
Scientific Family Sciaenidae
Scientific Name Micropogonias undulatus
Spanish Name Roncadina
ITIS# 169283
Tail shape Truncate

The name croaker is descriptive of the noise the fish makes by vibrating strong muscles against its swim bladder, which acts as a resonating chamber much like a ball. The Atlantic croaker is the loudest of the drum family. It is also referred to as a hardhead, with smaller ones called pin heads. During spawning season (August to October), croakers turn a deep golden color, from this comes the name golden croaker


Biology

Adults occur usually over mud and sandy mud sea bottoms in coastal waters and in estuaries where the nursery and feeding grounds are located. They feed mainly on worms, crustaceans and fishes.

Appearance

Body Shape
Fusiform
Color
Main Color: Red-silver
Other Color: white
Common Body Shape
Torpedo-shaped


Pattern
Barred
Length
Avg Length: 12 inches (30 cm)
Max Length: 22 inches (55 cm)
Maximum Weight
5.6 lbs (2580 g)




Specifications

Handling Concerns
Harmless
Conservation Concerns
None
Range in USA
MA-TX


Abundance
Abundant